Deep Vein Thrombosis

Deep Vein Thrombosis is a condition in which a blood clot forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs. It can become life-threatening if the clot travels to the lungs, causing a pulmonary embolism.
 

Causes & Risk Factors

• Prolonged immobility (long travel, bed rest)
• Surgery or hospitalization
• Injury to veins
• Pregnancy or hormonal therapy
• Obesity
• Smoking
• Cancer or clotting disorders

Complications

• Pulmonary Embolism (PE) – serious medical emergency
• Post-thrombotic syndrome (chronic leg pain & swelling)
• Recurrent blood clots

Common Symptoms                        

• Swelling in one leg, Leg pain or tenderness
• Warmth over affected area
• Red or discolored skin
• Visible surface veins

Diagnosis

• Doppler ultrasound (primary test)
• D-dimer blood test
• CT or MR venography (if required)
• Clinical risk assessment

Treatment & Management

• Anticoagulant medications (blood thinners)
• Compression stockings
• Thrombolytic therapy (severe cases)
• Inferior vena cava (IVC) filter (selected patients)
• Early mobilization

Prevention                            

• Regular movement during long travel
• Hydration
• Post-surgery mobility exercises
• Use of compression devices in hospitals
• Risk assessment for high-risk patients