Home > Glossary > "Quadriplegia"

Quadriplegia

What is Quadriplegia?

  • Quadriplegia (tetraplegia) is a form of paralysis affecting all four limbs (arms and legs) and often the torso.
  • It usually occurs due to damage to the spinal cord in the neck (cervical region).
  • Leads to loss of movement, sensation, and sometimes autonomic functions (breathing, bladder control).

Types of Quadriplegia

  • Complete quadriplegia: Total loss of movement and sensation below injury
  • Incomplete quadriplegia: Partial movement or sensation preserved

Causes of Quadriplegia

  • Spinal cord injury (trauma)

Symptoms of Quadriplegia

  • Paralysis of arms and legs
  • Loss of sensation below injury level
  • Difficulty breathing (in high cervical injuries)
  • Loss of bladder and bowel control
  • Muscle stiffness or spasms
  • Chronic pain

Complications of Quadriplegia

  • Respiratory infections
  • Pressure sores
  • Blood clots
  • Urinary tract infections
  • Psychological issues

Diagnosis of Quadriplegia

  • Clinical neurological examination
  • Imaging: MRI, CT scan
  • Assessment of injury level (C1–C8)

Treatment of Quadriplegia

  • Acute management
    • Immobilization of spine
    • Emergency stabilization to prevent further injury
  • Long-term management
    • Physical therapy
    • Medications (pain, spasticity)
    • Assistive devices (wheelchairs, ventilators)
⬅ Back