Home > Glossary > "Gastritis"

Gastritis

What is Gastritis?

  • Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining (mucosa).
  • The stomach lining normally protects against acid, but irritation or damage can lead to inflammation.
  • Acute gastritis – sudden onset, short-term
  • Chronic gastritis – long-term, may persist for years

Causes of Gastritis

  • Infections (especially H. pylori bacteria)
  • Excess alcohol consumption
  • Long-term NSAID use (e.g., aspirin, ibuprofen)
  • Smoking and lifestyle factors
  • Stress, injury, or major illness
  • Autoimmune disorders (body attacks stomach lining)

Symptoms of Gastritis

  • Upper abdominal pain or burning
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Feeling of fullness or bloating
  • Indigestion
  • Blood in vomit or black stools (bleeding)

Types of Gastritis

  • Acute Gastritis – sudden inflammation, often resolves quickly
  • Chronic Gastritis – long-term inflammation, may lead to complications
  • Erosive Gastritis – causes erosion, ulcers, or bleeding

Diagnosis of Gastritis

  • Medical history and physical exam
  • Endoscopy (to view stomach lining)
  • Blood, stool, or breath tests for H. pylori
  • Imaging (e.g., X-rays) if needed

Treatment of Gastritis

  • Antacids or acid-reducing medications
  • Antibiotics (if caused by H. pylori)
  • Stopping irritants (alcohol, NSAIDs, smoking)
  • Treating underlying conditions

Complications of Gastritis

  • Peptic ulcers
  • Bleeding in the stomach
  • Increased risk of stomach cancer (chronic cases)
⬅ Back