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Tuberculosis

What is Tuberculosis?

  • Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mainly affecting the lungs, but it can also involve other organs.
  • Spread through airborne droplets when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or speaks.
  • One of the leading infectious causes of death worldwide.
  • About 10 million people develop TB each year globally.
  • Preventable and curable with proper treatment.

Types of Tuberculosis

  • Latent TB Infection
  • Bacteria present but inactive
  • No symptoms. No Contagious
  • Active TB Disease
  • Bacteria multiply and cause illness
  • Contagious

Diagnosis of Tuberculosis

  • Medical history and physical examination
  • Chest X-ray, Sputum test, TB skin test or blood test

Complications Tuberculosis

  • Lung damage
  • TB meningitis (brain infection)
  • Bone or joint infection
  • Kidney or spine involvement
  • Drug-resistant TB

Prevention of Tuberculosis

  • Early detection and treatment
  • Screening high-risk individuals
  • Proper ventilation and masks
  • Proper ventilation and masks

Treatment of Tuberculosis

  • Long-term antibiotic therapy (usually 6 months or longer)
  • Combination medicines to prevent resistance
  • Strict treatment adherence required
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