Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 Diabetes is a chronic metabolic condition in which the body becomes resistant to insulin or does not produce enough insulin, leading to high blood sugar levels.
 

Causes & Risk Factors

• Overweight or obesity
• Sedentary lifestyle
• Unhealthy diet (high sugar & processed foods)
• Family history/genetics
• Hypertension and high cholesterol

Common Symptoms

• Increased thirst (polydipsia)
• Frequent urination (polyuria)
• Increased hunger (polyphagia)
• Fatigue
• Blurred vision
• Slow wound healing

Diagnosis                            

• Fasting Blood Glucose Test
• HbA1c test (average blood sugar over 3 months)
• Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT)
• Random Blood Sugar test

Treatment & Management

• Lifestyle modification: Healthy diet, Regular physical activity, Weight management
• Medications: Metformin (first-line therapy), Oral antidiabetic drugs, Insulin therapy (if required)
• Regular glucose monitoring

Possible Complications

• Heart disease & stroke
• Kidney disease (nephropathy)
• Nerve damage (neuropathy)
• Eye damage (retinopathy)

Prevention                            

• Maintain healthy weight
• Balanced diet & exercise
• Routine health screening
• Stress management